Introduction: Some children have a severe urinary frequency with an abrupt onset. They void every 15 minutes during the day, without daytime incontinence, dysuria, nocturia, or urinary tract infection (UTI). Pollakiuria or daytime frequency syndrome of children is the term used to describe this condition. Objectives: This study was designed to evaluation and correlation between Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and day time frequency syndrome. Patients and Methods: In this study, we selected 76 children with pollakiuria as the case group and 76 healthy children for the control group in Arak, Iran. The diagnosis of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder was conducted through interviews, OCI-CV tests, and the psychiatrist’ s approval. The comparison was based on DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria. The analysis was conducted by SPSS version 16 and a P value less than 0. 05 was considered significant. Results: The Obsessive Disorder was noted in five individuals (6. 6%) of case group (pollakiuria) and eight individuals (10. 5%) of the control group (P = 0. 282). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that OCD is not more common in children with pollakiuria

Introduction: Based on the cognitive model, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is maintained by various belief factors. Despite much support for this hypothesis, little is understood about the role of self-concept in the maintenance or treatment of OCD. Researchers believe that individuals who are ambivalent about their self-worth, use OCD-related beliefs and behaviors to restore self-esteem. The present study investigates the association between self-ambivalence and OCD-related beliefs and symptoms. Also, it is expected that OCD-relevant beliefs mediate the association between self-ambivalence and OCD symptoms. Method: Non-clinical participants (280) were recruited for this research. Each participant completed the self-reported versions of the Yale– Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), the Self-Ambivalence Scale (Y-BOCS), and the Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire-44)OBQ-44). The data were analyzed using path analysis in SPSS 18. Results: Findings revealed that self-ambivalence had a significant positive correlation with OCD-relevant beliefs and OCD symptoms. The OCD-relevant beliefs also showed a significant positive association with OCD symptoms. Analysis of the data revealed that OCD-beliefs mediated the Relationship between self-ambivalence and OCD-symptoms. Conclusion: Results indicate that individuals who are ambivalent about their self-worth, develop a morally and socially ideal self and relevant beliefs to resolve the self-ambivalence. These beliefs create a vulnerability for developing OCD. To conclude, interventions addressing the self-ambivalence and OCD-relevant beliefs can be effective in the prevention and treatment of OCD.